Accounting machine



Dec. 12, 1933. A. w. MILLS 1,939,077

,AGCUUNTING MACHINE Filed July 3, 1930 10 Sheets-Sheet l FIG. I.

5140014 507 A BERT W. MILLS @51 i xflfiom Dec. 12, 1933.

A. w. MILLS Y 1,939,077 ACCOUNTING MACHINE I Filed July 3, 1930 10Sheets-Sheet 3 ALBERT W. MILLS Arron/my Dec. 12, 1933. w M LL 1,939,077

ACCOUNTING MACHINE, Filed July 3, 19:50 10 Sheets-Sheet 4 QwuantozALBERT Mugs 331 fflbtomgq L Dec. 12, 1933. A. w. MILLS ACCOUNTINGMACHINE Filed July 5, 1950 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 FIG. 6.

gnoanboz ALBER W. MILL S @51 11414 (M tom Dec. 12, 1933. w 1,939,077

ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed July 3, 1930 10 Sheets-Sheet 6 66 Wall/M11 59.FIG n FIGJO C5 I59 25' (gm center ALBERT WJWu-Ls 33%;; 114'! 61 mm 1933-A. w. MILLS 1,939,077

ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed July 3, 1950 10 Sheets-Sheet 7 F FIG.I2. l

7 ALBERT W MILLS 75b m I 7 7 4 @5 71.11 4 elf WWW Dec. 12, 1933. A. w.MILLS ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed July 3, 1930 10 Sheets-Sheet 8 FIG. I3.

FIG. 14.

DEBIT coumeas CREDIT COUNTERS NATURAL COMPLEMENT NATURAL COMPLEMENT00000 99999 00000 99999 499 49s 92! 921 49s 99 994 --92 a 99 7 9 99 94s99 SM 00499 99940 T0 PRMTER F IG 15. FIG 16 NATURAL 1 COMPLEMENT NEURALCOMPLEMENT 0.0000 99999 00000 99999 92: v 92: I J 499 49s -92 99|79 -4ss99994 99 4 9 94 7 2 I 7 2| a9|9 990-91 |4s9. 9994a T PRWTER FIGJB;

DEBIT CREDH' CRED \T -'l9l8 Z09 ISIS I458 SALANCE 4- 6 0 4- 6 0 sumac;

avwem'foz ALBERT W. MILLS Bali-51960421404 Dec. 12,1933. A w us1,939,077

ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed July 3, 1930 10 Sheets-Sheet 9 4| I FIG 19 KHZ,IBOm 51 El 153 212 (UM Gents; AL5ERT WMILLS Dec. 12, 1933. A, w MlLLs,1,939,077

ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed July 5, 1930 10 Sheets-Sheet 10 SvvvemiozALBERT MILLS Patented Dec. 12, I933 ACCOUNTING MACHINE -Albert W. Mills,East Orange, N. J., assignor, by mesne assignments, to InternationalBusiness Machines Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of NewYork Application July 3, 1930. Serial No. 465,540

13 Claims. (Cl. 23592) This invention relates to perforating cardcontrolled accounting machines and more particularly to accumulatingdevices used in such machines. In application Serial No. 442,348, filedby John Royden Peirce on April '7, 1930, an accounting machine isdisclosed' in which perforated cards are fed through the machine and areanalyzed by electric brushes while the cards are in motion. The datataken from the cards is printed and is also run into the accumulatingdevices either as positive numbers or negative numbers. In my inventionI employ an accounting machine similar to that disclosed in saidapplication butemploy a novel type of accumulating device.

One of the objects of the present invention is to devise an accumulatingdevice in which numbers may be, entered as natural numbers and in whichcertain numeral wheels will receive the numbers as natural numbers andcertain other numeral wheels will receive the complementaryvalue ofsuch'natural numbers.

Another object is to. devise a machine of this character in which adifferential driving mechanism causes one of the numeral wheels toconstantly rotate and in which the number isentered by causing stoppageof rotation of such numeral wheel and causing the other numeral wheel torotate.

Another object is to provide a device in which some of the accumulatingunits may be employed to receive credit data in the form of natural andcomplementary values and in which other units" are'adapted toreceivedebit data in the form of natural numbers and complements thereofand in which the machine may determine whether the difference betweenthe total credits and total of debits is a creditor a debit balance andmay print the balance as a debit or a credit.

Other objects of the invention will appear in the following description.

Fig. 6 is a detail of part of the accumulating unit shown in Fig. 3,showing the complement numeral wheel; I

Fig. 7 is a detail of the device showing the complement numeral wheellatched against rotation; t

Fig. 8 is a detail showing a device for carrying one from a given orderthrough the accumulating wheel of the next higher order when such ordercontains'the value 9 and into the unit of a still higher order;

Fig. 9 shows the position of the parts of Fig. 8 after the accumulatingunit has passed from the 9 position to or through the zero position forcausing the one to be carried from such accumulating unit to the unit ofthe next higher order;

Fig. 10 is a section substantially on line 10-10 of Fig. 3 showing theconstruction of an accumulating unit;

Fig. 11 isa diagrammatic view showing the feed of the cards withrespect.to the perforation sens- 75 ing brushes; a

Fig. 12 is a view showing the operation of mechanism for setting themachine to take a total; 1 1

Figs. 13 and 14 represent the operations of 80 debit and credit countersin accumulating debit and credit items and also representing the mannerin which the machine ascertains the difierence between the total debitsand total credits and determines whether the difierence is a debit 35value or a credit value; 1

Figs. 15 and 16 represent the operation of the machine where the resultis the reverse of that shown in Figs. 13 and Hand the balance is anegative balance; I 9

Fig. 17 is a view of a printed sheet showing" the debit and creditamounts entered into the machine during the computations of Figs. 13 and14;

Fig. 18 is a similar printed record of the com- 95 putationsshown inFigs. 15 and 16;

Fig. 19 is a wiring diagram of the control of the machine in general; I

Fig. 20 is a wiring diagram showing the operation of the accumulatingunits.

As shown in Fig. 2 the machine is driven from an electric motor or otherpower source through a belt 1 mounted on a pulley 2 fixed on a shaft 3having a worm 4 meshing with a worm wheel 5 on shaft 6.

In Fig. l the shaft 6 is shown as having a gear 7 mounted thereon andmeshing with a gear 8 which in turn meshes with a gear 9 on a shaft 10.Also mounted on" this shaft is a bevelled pinion 11 meshing with abevelled pinion 12 on 110 a vertical shaft 13. Fixed on shaft 13 is abevelled pinion 14 meshing with a bevelled pinion 15 fixed on-a shaft 16which reaches across the back of the machine. Also fixed on shaft 13 isanother bevelled pinion 1'7 meshing with a bevelled pinion 18 fixed on ashaft 19 which also reaches across the machineabove the shaft 16; Boththe shafts 16 and 19 have fixed thereof a number of gears 20 (see Fig.3). I

Each accumulator unit is mounted ona plate 21 and is provided with agear 22. The units may he slid into position between upper and lowersupporting plates 23, 24 as in Fig. 2. When in this position the gear 22meshes with one of the driving gears 20. When the machine is in rotationon a stud 26. Mounted within the gear 25 are two pinions 27, 28 beingcarried by studs 27a and 28a fixed in the gear 25 (see also Fig. 10).Thepinions 27 and 28 are in mesh with each other as indicated in Figs. 3and 10. As the gear 25 is rotated about stud 26 they are carried bodilyaround. The pinion 27 isalso in mesh with a gear 29 and pinion 28 is inmesh with a gear 30 both loose on stud 26. Fixed with respect to gear 29is a numeral wheel 31 and fixed with respect to the gear 30 is a numeralwheel 32 (see also Fig. 5).v

32 to turn. The wheel 31 is adapted to be held by a latch 33 so that itcannot normally rotate. A latch 34 is also provided for cooperation withnumeral wheel 32 but is normally disengaged therefrom as in Fig. 6 sothat this wheel is normally free to rotate. Thus during the normaloperation of the machine the gear 25 is constantly turning and thenumeral wheel 32 is constantly turning in a counter clockwise directionwhile the numeral wheel 31 is constantly still. The rate of rotation ofthe wheel 32 is such-that it will move a distance equal the length ofone of its teeth during the time that it takes for the data card totravel through the machine a distance equal to the distance between twoof the index positions thereon. In other words, as a datacard 35 (Fig.11) is moving past the sensing brushes 36, the index point positions onthe card will pass under the brushes in succession at a rate equal tothe time that it takes for one of the teeth of the numeral wheel 32-totravel past the latch 34.

Where a perforation appears in a given column on the card a circuit willbe established through the corresponding brush 36 and through the magnet3'1 of the corresponding accumulating unit. The armature 38 of thismagnet will then be attracted, releasing arm- 39. This will permit thearm 39 to rock clockwise upon its pivot 40 under the action of a spring41' which is connect- .ed to studs 42, 42a and is pressed by the projec-.wheel 32 to.st-op the rotation thereof.

1 While this is taking place the latch 33 which has a downwardprojection 33a cooperating with the finger 45 fixed with respect to arm39 will be moved out of cooperation with its numeral wheel 31. A spring46 acting against the projection 33a will cause the latching pawl 33 tomove back into cooperation with the wheel 31 when the arm 39 is laterrestored to its normal position. The

latch 33 it should be understood is loose on the 81' stud 40. Thus whena perforation in a given column of a card passes under the sensing brush36, the wheel'31 of the corresponding accumulating unit will commence torotate and the wheel 32 of that unit which was rotating is caused to 85stop. This condition of the parts continues during the remainder of thepassage of the card until ,the zero index point position thereon reachesthe sensing brushes. At this time the projection 47a on cam 47 fixedwith respect to. the gear 22 so will engage a finger 48 rocking thelatter about its pivot'49 moving link 50 to the left. This restores thearm 39 to its normal position where it will be latched by an armature38. This removes the latching pawl 34 from the wheel 32 and 9 permitsthe latch 33 to move into cooperation with the wheel 31. The wheel 31will then have turned from its zero position a number ofsteps equaltothe value represented by the position of the perforation inthe card. Inother words, if the perforation in the card is in the 6 position thewheel 31 will be unlatched when the perforation passes under the brushand will continueto rotate untilthe zeroposition reaches the brush andwill thus have turned 6 steps so as to contain the value 6. During thisoperation thecom plement numeral wheel 32 whose normal positionrepresents the value 9 will have dropped back of the wheel 31 a distanceof 6 steps and will now be in position with respect to the wheel 31 andto the machine cycle representing a value of 3 which is the complementof the value 6. I

Carrying Attached to the natural numeral wheel 31 is-a cam disk When thewheel 31 passes from its 9 position to its zero position a projection 56on the disk 55 will cam the arm 57, pivoted at 58 and acted upon byspring 59, into the position of Fig. 9. The arm 57 carries electriccontact brushes 6061. In the position of Fig. 9, the brush 60 isadapted, as the disk 62 which is attached to the gear 22 rotates, to beengaged by projection 63. A current-supplying brush 64,, constantly incontact with. the cam disk 6Z,*-'-""is adapted to supply current to thedisk. At the end of an adding cycle of operation of the machine if thearm 57 is in the'position of Fig. 9 the projection 63 will engage thebrush 60 and complete a circuit through the magnet 37 of the adding unitof the next higher. order. This will cause the latchingpawl 33 todisengage its wheel -31 at a point in the/cycle of operation of themachine which will permit the wheel 31 to turn one notch to accumulatean additional one. The

adapted to cause the latch to cooperate with the arm. After completionof the carrying operation and-before the beginning of a newaccumulating, cycle the finger 65a of the latch 65 will be engaged by acam projection 68 (Fig. 3),

rocking thelatch 65 to inoperative position releasing the arm 57 andpermitting the arm to be rocked clockwise by its spring 59 against the15;}

periphery of the cam disk 55. In this position neither of the brushes60, 61 will be in position to close a circuit through the commutator dis62. When a wheel 31 is in position representing the value 9 its diskwill be in the position of Fig. 8 with respect to the arm 57. The spring59 will then rock thearm 57 into the notch as in' Fig. 8. This. willrock the brush 61 into position to be engaged by cam projection 71 onthe commutator 62 during the carrying time of the cycle of the machine.The purpose of this contact is to prepare the device so that where 1 iscarried into a given accumulating wheel, if that wheel is standing at 9it will also cause carrying to the wheel ofthe next higher order. Thusif 1 is carried into the wheel associated with the carry disk 55 of Fig.8 it will also be carried through the brush 61 to the magnet 37 of thenext order above that represented by the disk 55 of Fig. 8.

Totaling When a total is to be taken a magnet 72 of Fig. 12 is energizedrocking the armature 73, raising the latch 74 to release the arm 75.This permits hammer 75a acted upon by spring 75b to strike a togglecomprising arms 7677 pivoted at 78-79 and interconnected at 80 to breakthe toggle. This permits arm 82 fixed on shaft 83 to rockcounterclockwise with the shaft. The other end of shaft 83 (Fig. 1) hasan arm 83a fixed on it and acted upon by a spring 83b to cause the shaftto rock clockwise as viewed in Fig. 12. Fixed on shaft 83 is an arm 830connected by link 83d to a latch 83e. A cam follower 84 carried by arm85 loose on shaft 83 is adapted to cooperate with the cam 86 mounted onshaft 10 which is constantly rotating. A link 88 connects arm 85 to anarm 89 fixed on a grooved shaft 90. An arm 91 also fixed on this shaftis connected by a link 91a to a similar grooved shaft a (see Fig. l) Thelatch 83c. holds arm 89 depressed. Grooved shafts 90-90a as shown inFig. 3 normally hold arms 44a (one for each accumulating unit) indepressed position as in Fig. 3'.

When-the magnet 72 is energized shaft 83 rocks and latch 83e releasesarm 89 and the shafts 9090a. Springs 41 may then rock arms 44a andshafts-90, 90a, raising link 88 and causing follower 84 to follow cam86. Each arm 44, 44a is I normally held by a latch 94. When shaft 90releases arm 44a. and latch 94 releases arm 44 the spring 41 will befree so that instead of tending to press the latching pawl 34 intoengagement with the wheel 32 it will exert pressure in the oppositedirection to tend to rock the arm 34 out of cooperation with disk 32 andat the same time cause the latch 33 to move into cooperation with itsdisk 31. The rocking of arm 44 does not take place at the moment thatthe magnet 72 is energized as the arm 44 is latched in position by thepawl 94. A spring 95 tends to hold the latch in this position. Fixed tothe rock arm 57 is a stud 96. During the totaling cycle of the machinethe wheels 31 will rotate when released for rotation by energization ofmagnets 37 through contacts TS4 as described hereinafter; all of thesewheels commencing rotating at the beginning of the totaling cycle. Aseach wheel passes from its 9 to its zero position the cam 55 ;will rockthe arm 57 to the position of Fig. 9.

At this time the stud 96 on the arm 57 will engage the finger 94a fixedwith respect to the latching pawl 94 and will rock the latch out ofcooperation with arm 44. This releases the spring 41 from the influenceof the arm 44 and the pawl 34 is immediately disengaged from the wheel32 and the pawl 33 at the same time moves into engagement with its wheel31. wheel 31 will be stopped in its zero position and the wheel 32 willcommence to rotate; Arm 39 will be latched by the armature 38. The partswill then be in position for a new accumulating operation. Also fixedwith respect to each wheel 31 is a cam disk 97 (Fig. 3).

When the wheel 31 reaches its zero position a projection 98 on the disk97 will close contacts 99. This will energize printing magnets 100 (Fig.2), to bring about the printing of the total contained in the numeralwheel 31. The energization of the magnet 100 associated with eachaccumulating wheel 31 will take place at a point in the cycle of themachine depending upon the value contained in the respective wheel 31.Synchronously with the movement of the wheel 31 a type bar 101 carryingthe individual type members 102 rises through the printing position withrespect to the platen 103. When the magnet 100 is energized its armature104 will move a connecting wire 105 rocking the latching pawl 106 andpermitting the pawl 107 to move into cooperation with the teeth 108carried by the type bar. This will stop the type bar in positiontopresent the individual type element 102 in the printing line. The typewhich is stopped in printing line will correspond to the time ofenergization of magnet 100 which in turn corresponds to the valuecontained in the wheel 31 so that this value will be printedupon a stripof paper carried by the platen. The hammers 109 for actuating the typeelements and their operation are more fully disclosed in the copendingapplications of John Royden Peirce, Serial Nos. 442,348 and 426,- 582and need not be described in complete detail here. At the end of a totalprinting operation, as the shaft 10 continues to rotate, cam 86 willengage the follower 84 and restore the grooved shafts 90-90a to normalposition. Prior to this the cam 68 of Fig. 3 will have actuated thelatch 65, releasing the arm 57. The arm 44. will thus be free toberestored to its normal position in engagement with the spring 41 andthe latch 94 willbe free to latch the arm 44 in this position ready fora new accumulating cycle of operation.

When cam 86 depresses follower 84 and link 88, a cam 110 fixed on shaft10 depresses follower 110a. on arm 11072 which is integral with arm 83c.This permits latch 83c to latch arm 89 and shafts 90, 90a in restoredposition. It also rocks shaft 83 and restores the; toggle 74, 76. A cam111 on shaft 10 will also rock arm 112 causing stud 113 to restore thehammer 75a where it will be latched by latch 74.

Fixed on the shaft 83 (Figs. 2 and 12) are arms 115 connected to sideplates 116. Connected between the plates 116 are bars 117 carryingelectric contact members 118 adapted to control the opening and closingof several sets of contacts designated generally as 119 and specificallyas 119a, 119b, 1190 as shown also in Fig. 20. The contacts 1190 arenormally closed and contacts 119a and 119D are normally opened. When themagnet 72 (Fig. 12) is energized and the shaft 83 is rocked thecondition of these contacts is reversed, that is, contacts 119a and 11%which are opened become closed and 1190 becomes opened. This controlsthe circuits when taking totals.

Thus the- Type bar operating mechanism Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 a gear120 loose on shaft 6 meshes with a gear 121 which in turn meshes withgear 122 fixed on the cam shaft 123. Complementary cams 124, 125 areadapted to control the follower arm 126 pivoted at 127. A link 128 isconnected to the arm 126 and to arm 129 fixed on the shaft 130. Alsofixed on this shaft are arms 131 connected by links 132 to a bail 133.This bail reaches across arms 134 which are pivoted at 135 and areconnected to the type bars 101. Springs 136 connected to the arms 134 Iand to abar 137 carried by the arms 131 are adapted to raise'the arms134 to raise the type bars. 1

When the shaft 123 causes the shaft 130 to rock clockwise in Fig. 2 thebail 133-will be raised permitting springs 136 to raise the type bars.This-operation takes place synchronously with the operation of theaccumulating apparatus as well as the feeding of the cards so that theindividual type elements 102 will be moved through printing position aseach index point position on the card moves past the sensing brushes andas the accumulating wheels move through one step of their rotation. Thetype actuating hammers 109 are actuated by springs 140 and are restoredby a bail "141. This bail is fixed on shaft 142 on which the hammers areloosely mounted. Also fixed to the shaft is an arm 143 connected by alink 144tq an arm 145 fixed on shaft 146 on which is also fixeda camfollower arm 147 cooperating with complementary cams 148-149 on theshaft 123. When the bail 141 releases the hammers the latter will beheld by latches 150. These latohesare pivoted at 151 and are connectedto spring pressed fingers 152 adapted to cooperate with the bail 153.When the type bar is in its normal position a pin 154 holds the finger152 .out of cooperation with the bail 153. When a type bar rises topresent a type element 102 in position for printing the finger 152 isreleased so that it will rock into cooperation with a bail 153.Thereafter when the bail is rocked to the left in Fig. 2 it will movethe finger 152 for printing and will rise in synchronism with,

the operation of the accumulator wheels and with the feeding of cards.When the magnet is deenergized the type bars stop at a definite point inthe cycle of the machine and when reenergized the type bars start at adefinite point in the cycle. 1

Card feed Any well known card feeding mechanism may be employed to' feedthe cards through the machine. In Fig. 11 card feeding rollers 158, 159are shown to represent conventional card feeding mechanism. The cardfeeding rollers 159 may be connected to gear 160 (Fig. '1) foroperation.

The gear ratio is such that the'successive index point positions on thecard will feed past thesensing brushes 36, 36a at the same rate that.

the type bar is raised and the accumulating wheels are rotated. Thepinions 160 are driven by a gear 161 which is driven from shaft 6 'andis controlled by a clutch magnet M3 similar to magnet M2. When theclutch magnet is energized cards will be fed in synchronism with theoperation of the rest of the machine. When the clutch is deenergized thefeeding will stop at a predetermined point in the cycle of the machine.

- Contact control cams and contacts In the wiring diagrams the contactcontrol cams designated CR are constantly running and may be mounted onthe shaft 10 of Fig. 1. The cams designated as CF cams operate whilecards are being fed and may be mounted on the shaft 162, Fig. 1, drivenby the card feed gear 161. The contacts designated as TS contacts arecontrolled by, the total switch of Fig. 12. They are shown in normalposition and will be reversed when the total switch is set for totaling.

Wiring diagram To start the machine the switch175 will be closed,supplying current to the operating motor 176. The start key 177 will nowbe depressed. This will close the contacts K1, K2 thus closing a circuitfrom the line 178 through wire 179, contacts K3 normally closed,contacts K1 now closed, wire 180, contacts TS7 normally closed, cardfeed clutch magnet M3, wire 180a, contacts K2, wire 181, back tothe'other side of the line 182. The energization of magnet M3 will causeoperation of the card feed mechanism to feed cards through the machine.This magnet also controls the contacts CFC1, closing them when themagnet is energized. As the cards commence feeding through the machinethey will depress the upper card leverUCL, closing contacts 183, 184 andopening contacts 185. The start key may then be released and the circuitthrough the magnet M3 will be maintained from the line 178 through wire179, contacts K3, con acts CFCl, wire 180, contacts TS7, magnet M3, wire180a, contacts 183, card lever UCL, contacts 184, wire 181 back to theline 182.

Between the passage of the cards the card lever UCL isreleased so thatcontacts 183, 184 open and contacts 185 become closed. During thisinterval the CB1 cam permits its contacts to be closed so that thecurrent will flow around the .contacts 183184 at this time and thuscontinue the circuit. While the cards are holding the contacts 183, 184closed the CB1 contacts are held open by their cam. If cards fail tofeed the circuit will be broken, deenergizing the card feed clutch andthus stopping the 'card feed mechanism. If printing is to be effectedunder control of the cards being fed through the machine the switch S4will be closed so that when the start key is depressed a circuit willalso be established through the printing clutch M2. This circuit is asfollows: from the line 178 through wire 179, contacts K3, contacts K1,contacts LCLl as soon as the LCL1 card lever is closed by the cards thatare now being fed through the machine, then through switch S4, printingclutch j;

magnet M2, wire 186 back to the line 182. The

energization of the magnet M2 as we have seen causes operation ofthetype bars 101 and asso ciated'mechanism. After the start key isreleased the circuit continues through the contacts CF01. If cards failto feed the LCLl card lever will permit its contacts to open, breakingthe circuit through the magnet M2. The stopp e of the card feedmechanism by deenergization of magnet M3 also causes opening of thecontacts CFCl so that the circuit is broken at two points. While themachine is in operationand cards are being fed the machine may bestopped at any time by depression of the stop key 187 to open thecontacts K3. This will break the circuit through the card feed clutch'and the printing clutch. The motor 176 will, of course, continue. tooperate until the switch 175 is opened. 1

Accumulating and listing As the cards are fed through the machine theywill pass between the brushes 36 and the common contact C5. Each of thebrushes 36 cooperates withone of the columns of the index points on thecard so that as the card passes under the brushes these points pass oneafter the other under the brushes 36. Where a perforation appears at anindex point in a column the corresponding brush 36 will reach throughthe perforation at that particular time and close the circuit throughthe. cornmoncontactor C5. The circuit. is as. follows: from the line182, through the LCL2 contacts which are closed by the cards being fed,then through the contacts CB3 which are closed during the time that acard is passing under the brushes and are opened by their cam for ashort period when 110 card is under the brushes. The circuit thancontinues through the common brush 188 to the common contactor'CB,through the perforation in the card to brush 36,- wire 190, to thecorresponding plug socket 191, plug wire 192, plug socket 193. From herethe circuit splits, continuing in one direction through wire 194,contacts 1190 now closed, magnet 100, common contaictor C7A, wire 195,contacts DBTl normally closed, wire 196 back to the line 178. The magnet100 as shown in Fig. 2 controls the printing type bar 101 to stop thetype elements 102 in position with respect to the platen 103. Theposition of the perforation in the card closing the circuit through thebrush 36 determines by the time of energization, which type element 102shall be stopped in printing position. This type element represents thevalue represented by the position of the perforation in the card.Returning to the plug socket 193 where the circuit splits, the otherbranch of the circuit continues through contacts 197 normally closed,through magnet 37, wire 198, back to the line. 178.

The energization of magnet 37 as we have seen in connection with Fig. 3causes the natural wheel of the accumulator to commence to rotate and atthe same time causes the complementary wheel to stop rotating forthe-same duration of time. The energization of magnet 37 takes place ata time depending upon the positionof the perforations in theparticularcolumn. The rotation.

of the natural accumulating wheel continues from this time to theend of.the accumulating cycle at which time the parts are declutchcd and theby a different column on the card and each-op.'-,

erates independentlyof the other'except of course that carrying must beefiected'from one order to the next higher order.

previously described. Presuming the accumulator of the units order tohave passed from nine' Carrying is effected ,at' the end of eachaccumulating operation under control of the setting of the brushes 60-61as to or through its zero position it will be necessary to carry one tothe accumulator wheel of the next higher order. The passing of the\units wheel to the zero position causes the contact 60 to be set inposition to be engaged by the segment 63 at the carrying time of thecycle. At this time the contacts CR6 and CR7 are closed momentarily andthe contacts CB2 are also closed so that a circuit is closed from theline 182 through wire 199, contacts CR6, CR7, CB2, wire 200, commonconductor C2, brush 60, contact ring 62, brush 64, wire 201, the magnet37 of the next higher order, the common contactor C1, wire 198 back tothe other side of the line 178.

The energization of this magnet 37 will cause th's particularaccumulator wheel to commence rotating once more. As soon as the value 1has been accumulated the cam point 473 (Fig. 6) will cause .theaccumulator wheel to stop rotating. Carry from any of the other orders,is of course, efiected in the same manner. If the accumulator of thetens order is standing at nine during the carrying time its contactbrush 61 will be in position to engage the segment 71 'during thecarrying time of the cycle. wheel of the tens order is to .receive oneby energization of its magnet 37 the circuit from the brush 60 of theunits order through ring 62 to the brush 64 and to the magnet of thetens order also branches from the brush 64 and passes to the brush 61of-the tens order which is now engaged by its*segment 71,.to the ring62, then to the brush 64 of the tensorder and to the magnet 37 of thehundreds order. Thus if the tens order is standing at nine and one iscarried into the wheel of that order so as to cause it to move to itszero position, one will also be carried through the tens order into thehundreds order at the same time. In Fig.20, six accumulator wheels areshown. All

Thus, if the accumulator six of these wheels may be used together as aTotaling Presuming that the machine has'been used for ordinaryaccumulating eitherwith the plug connection 203 in position to close thecircuit so as to use all of the accumulator units as one accumulator orwith the plug connection 203 omitted so as to use the accumulator unitsas two separate accumulators, a total may be, taken by'depressing thetotal key 205 (Fig. 19).

contacts CR1, total set up magnet 72, contacts K4, contacts 185, wire181 and back to the line 182. The energi'zation of magnet 72 as shown inFig. 12 sets all of the total contacts 119 andcertain other contactsdesignatedas TS contacts in position for a totaling operation. Thecontacts of magnets 37 by a circuitfrom line 182, through wire 199,contacts CR4, CR5. contacts TS4, bars C3 and C3a, contacts DBTlc in thecredit orders,

contacts 119b,-cable 319, magnets 37, conductor 01, and wire 198 to line178. The contacts TS6 V This sets up a circuit from the line 178 throughwire 179, wire 2061,

TS'4 are closed in readiness for the .energization 5 are thus closedsetting up a circuit through the 'line 182 through wire 199, contactsCR2, CR3 at the proper time in the cycle of the machine, contacts TS5now closed, contacts DBT2 normally closed, wire 206, common contactorC6A, contacts 99 at the moment they are closed by the cam projection 98,cable 207, contacts 119a now closed, printing magnet 100, commoncontactor C7a, wire 195, wire 196 back to the line 178. The time ofclosing of contacts 99 depends upon the value contained in theaccumulator wheel and this in turn determines the time of energizationof the printing magnet 100 which in turn selects the printing type 102to print the value represented by the accumulator wheel.

If the accumulator is split into two parts and one part is being used toaccumulate debit amounts and the other part is used to accumulate creditamounts, assuming that three debit amounts had been accumulated andthree credit amounts had been accumulated and printed as in Fig. 1'7,the totals of the amounts will be printed as at 208 and 209. Where it isdesired to ascertain the difference between the debit and credit amountsand to determine whether the difference is on the debit or credit side afurther operation is necessary. The amounts contained in theaccumulators will have to be preserved. To take a balance total thebalance key 2091 is depressed.

This closes a circuit from the line 178 through magnet 210, wire 211,contacts CR8, contacts BKl, wire 212 back to the line 182. Theenergization of magnet 210 attracts the armature latch 213, releasingthe bar 214 and permitting its spring to lower it to its lowermostposition. At-

tached to the bar 214 is a balance transfer switch member 215 havingcontacts segments 216 adapted to bridge contacts BT1, BT2, BT3 and BT4.In its lowermost position the balance transfer switch closes thecontacts BT1. During this cycle of operation of the machine a circuit isset up from the line 178 through contacts CR11, magnet 217, contactsBT1, wire 218, wire 212, back to the line 182. Magnet 217 attracts itsarmature 219 releasing the arm 220 permitting it under the action of itsspring to move the contact bar 221 to close the contacts DCTIA, and DOT.During this cycle the following circuit will be established:

from the line 182, through wire 199, contacts CR2 and CR3, wire 222,contacts DCT, common contactor C11, contacts 224, contacts DCTlA,

cable 223, wire 201a magnet 37, wire 198 back to the line 178.

The contacts 224 are closed by a projection 225 carried by a cam disk226 fixed with respect to the complement wheel 32. The time of closingof contacts 224 will dependupon the value contained in the complementwheels 32. Thus the magnets 37 will be energized so as to cause thecomplements contained in the debit complement wheels to be added intothe natural credit wheels.

This operation is represented in Figs. 13 and 14 'where the complementin the debit counter is the end of this cycle a cam CRX which isconstantly running raises the pawl 227. This in turn raises the balancetransfer switch element 215 one notch. The contacts BT1 will now be openand contacts BT2 closed. During the next cycle the contacts CR9 willcloseto test the condition of the contacts TB2 If the value standing inthe accumulator wheel of this particular order is other than nine,contacts TB2 will be closed. In this case one will be carried to theaccumulator wheel of the units order of the credit accumulator. In otherwords, referring to Fig. 14, the accumulator 'wheel of the highest orderin the credit accumulator contains a zero, this being so, one will beadded to the accumulator wheel of the units order in this sameaccumulator so that the accumulator will then contain a value 460. Thecircuit is as follows: from the line .'182, through wire 212, wire 218,wire 228, concam CRX, opening contacts BT2, and closing ccntacs BT3 andBT4. The contacts CR10 then close at their proper time to test thecondition of the contacts T131 through the following circuit: from theline 178 through contacts CR10, magnet 229, contacts BT3, wire 230,contacts TB1, wire 228, wire 218, wire 212, to the line 182. Thecontacts CR1 during this same cycle will also close a circuit throughthe total set up magnet 72 as follows: from line-178 through wire 179,wire 2061, contacts CR1, magnet 72, contacts BT4, wire 231, wire 218,wire 212 to the line 182. ,The energization of the magnet 72 sets thevarious contacts including contacts 119 in position for a total cycle.If the contacts TBl are found open the balance total will be taken fromthe natural accumulator wheels of the credit accumulators through thefollowing circuit: from the line 182 through wire 199, contacts CR2 andCR3, contacts TS5, contacts DBT2, wire 206, contacts 99, cable 207,contacts 119a, magnet 100, and back to the line 178. This will print thebalance total of 460 in the credit column in Figs. 17 as shown,indicating that the difference between the debit and credit amounts is460 and is on the credit side. If the value contained in the accumulatorwheel of the highest order in the credit accumulator is 9 contacts TBlwill be closed. Thus when the contacts CR10 are closed a circuit will beset up through magnet 229 as pointed out. The energization of magnet 229causes the armature 232 to release the arm 233 so that the latter willbe actuated by its spring to shift the bar 234, reversing the conditionof contacts DBTlA and DBTlB.

The total circuit will then be as follows: from the line 182, throughwire 199, contacts CR2 and CR3, TS5, DBT3, common contactor C11A,contacts 224 controlled by the credit accumulator complementary wheels,cable 235, contacts DBTlB now closed, contacts 119a also closed,printing magnet 100 and back to the line 178. It will be noted that inthis case the printing magnets energized are those which control theprinting on the debit side so that as indicated in Fig. 18, the balanceof 460 is printed-at the foot of the debit column. The data contained onthe list sheet in Fig. 18 is obtained by reversing the figuresaccumulated in Figs. 13 and 14. Thus in being in position to representzero.

Fig. .15 three numbers are accumulated on the debit side totaling 1918and three numbers are accumulated on the credit side totaling 1458. Inthis instance the value contained in the'complement wheels on the debitside is 98081. This amount is added to the total 1458 contained in thenatural wheels in the credit accumulators. The amount standing in thelatter accumulators is then 99539. There being a 9 in the accumulatorwheel of the highest 'order the contacts TBl were found closed. Thusthere was no carry into the accumulator wheel of the lowest order.

this instance also the changingof the conditions of the contacts DBTlAand DBTlB causes the amount standing in the complement wheels of thecredit accumulators to be printed on the debit side as in Fig. 13.

Normally when the machine is set for totaling the link 83d actuates thelatch '83e to re lease the grooved shaft 90 permitting it to release thearm 44a. This in turn removes the tension from the spring 41 so thatwhen a total is taken the accumulator wheels will be restored to theirnormal positions the natural wheel 31 Thus in printing the totals at 208and 209 (Fig. 17) the accumulators would normally be restored to zeroready for a new accumulating operation.- In order to print the balanceor the difference between the two totals as described, it is necessaryto retain the totals in the accumulators after they have been printed at208 and 209. This may be done by latching the latch 83c in the positionof Fig. 2 so that when the machine is set up for totaling it will notrelease the shaft 90 until the balance is printed. For this purpose alatch 240 (Fig. 2) may be provided. This latch cooperates with aprojection 241 on the latch arm 83c and is held in position by a spring242. Thus when the total magnet 72 is ener gized and link 83d is raisedthe spring 243 will yield and the latch 240 will prevent the shaft 90from being released. Now when the totals are printed the accumulatorwheels will pass through their zero positions back to the position fromwhich they started. This will restore them to the positions representingthe data which they contained before printing the totals. Later when thebalance ;key 2091 is depressed and contacts,

CR8 close energizing magnet 210 the magnet 244 will also be energized.This will actuate the latch 240 so as to release the projection'241'andthus permit the spring 243 to rock the latch 83c out of cooperation witharm 89.

When the armature latch 240 is depressed an arm 245 will cooperate witha projection 246 to hold the latch 240 down. When the arm- 89 raised itwill engage rear projection of arm 245 rocking it against the action ofits spring to release the latch 240. The energization of magnet 244takes place at the same time that the balance transfer switch member 215is low-' ered. At this time the total magnet 72 is not energized and thearm 245 serves to hold the latch 240 down until the total magnet isenergized at a later cycle through the switch member 215. Then when'thelink 83d is raised the latch 83c will release the arm 89 to permit ashaft 90 to be rocked. When the arm 89 is raised 89fis restored to itslowermost position and the contacts to open. The contacts BKl on theother hand are latched in closed position by a latch 251 which isactuated by a constantly running cam CRW which causes the contacts toopen at a'predeterm-ined time- This is The contacts DBT2 which arenormally closed are controlled by the. switch bar 234 so as to be openedwhen the magnet 229 is energized.

At this time the contacts DBT3 will be closed.

Both of these sets of contacts will be restored to normal positions whenthe arm 233 is restoredby its cam.

While there has been shown and described and pointed out the fundamentalnovel features of the invention as applied to a single modification itwill be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changesin the form and details of-the device illustrated and in its opera-1-tion may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from thespirit of the invention. It is the intention, therefore, to be limitedonly as indicated by the scope of the following claims:

I claim:

1. In an accumulating device, a pair of accumulating wheels, drivingmeans, a differential connection between said driving means and saidwheels for moving both wheels in the same direction, means for lockingsaid wheels against operation, and means for controlling said lookingmeans so that an amount is added on one of said wheels and thecomplement of said amount is added on the other wheel.

2. In an accumulating device, a pair of accumulating wheels, drivingmeans, a difierential connection between said driving means and saidaccumulating wheels for moving both wheels in the same direction throughcomplementary amounts, perforated record controlled means for lockingone of said wheels against operation, and means under control of saidlocking means for adapting the other wheel to accumulate complements. 4

3. In an. accounting device, ,an accumulator wheel adapted to normallyregister zero, a second accumulator wheel adapted to normally registernine, means for adding-values to the first said accumulating wheel'byadvancing the same and means for moving said second named wheel in thesame direction as the first named wheel but causing said second namedwheel to drop back of its normal position relative to the first named'wheeha distance equal to the value of the number added to said firstnamed wheel.

4. In an accumulating device, apair of differentially drivenaccumulating wheels, locking means adapted to normally look one of saidwheels against rotation while permitting the other to rotate, recordcontrolled means for reversing the operation of said locking means sothat the normally locked'wheel may rotate in the same direction to addan amount simultaneous with the locking and setting back of the otherwheel to add the complement therein, and means controlled by the machineat a predetermined time in the cycle of operation thereof for restorinthe cycle of operation thereof for restoring said locking means tonormal condition and means for taking a total from said accumulator at apredetermined time in the operation of the machine.

6. In a record controlled accounting machine,

a plurality of accumulators adapted to accumulate numbers andcomplements thereof, means for adding the complement contained in one ofthe accumulators into the other accumulator and means for printing atotal under control-of said other accumulator including means forcausing said total to be selectively printed in one or another of aplurality of columns on a record sheet.

7. In an accounting machine, a pair of accumulating devices, means foradding numbers into said devices, means .for transferring a number fromone of said devices to the other, means controlled by one of theaccumulating elements of said other device for causing one to be addedto the element of the lowest order in said other device when the valuecontained in the said'first named element is zero.

8. In an accounting machine, a plurality oi accumulators adapted toaccumulate numbers and complements thereof, means for automaticallyselecting one accumulator, means for adding the complement contained inan accumulator into the selected accumulator, and means for taking atotal under control of the selected accumulator.

9. An accounting machine having a plurality of accumulating devices, oneof said devices having means for accumulating debit numbers andcomplements thereof, another of said devices having means foraccumulating credit numbers and complements thereof, means for addingthe complement contained in one of said accumulatorsing a balance undercontrol of said other accumulator in one of two positions. on a recordsheet to indicate whether the balance isa debit.

or a credit.

10. In an accumulating device, a pair of accumulating wheels, drivingmeans, a differential connection between said driving means and saidwheels for moving the wheels in the same direction, means for normallylocking one of the wheels while the other wheel is free to rotate, meansfor difierentially locking the normally free wheel and releasing thenormally locked wheel to add an amount therein while the normally freewheel is held back to accumulate the complement of said amount, andmeans, controlled by the operation of the machine at a predeterminedtime in the cycle of operation for unlocking the normally free wheel andfor locking the normally locked wheel.

11. In an accumulating device, a pair of accumulating wheels, drivingmeans, a differential connection between said driving means and saidwheels for adjusting one wheel an amount complementary to the adjustmentof the other Wheel, means for alternately locking said wheels againstoperation, and means for controlling said locking means so that amountsare added and totalled on one of said wheels and the complements of saidamounts are added and totalled on the other wheel.

12. In .an accumulating device, a pair of accumulating wheels, drivingmeans, a differential connection between said driving means and saidwheels for adjusting one wheel an amount complementary to the adjustmentof the other wheel. means for alternately locking said wheels againstoperation, and means for controlling said locking means so that amountsare totalled on one wheel simultaneous with the totalling of thecomplements of said amounts on the other wheel.

13. In an accumulating device, a pair of accumulating wheels, drivingmeans, a differential connection between said driving means and saidaccumulating wheels for moving said wheels through complementaryamounts, perfo'ratedrec- 0rd controlled means for alternately lockingand releasing said wheels so that an amount is added on one wheel andthe complement of said amount is added on the other wheel.

- ALBERT W. MILLS.

